History of TaeKwonDo
TaeKwonDo is an upright or standing style of Martial Arts or self-defense that originated in Korean in the 1940s and 50s, after the end of the Japanese Occupation. In translation, it is commonly referred to as “the way or art” of the “hand and foot” or of “kicking & punching.” During the occupation from 1910-1945, most traditional forms of martial arts in Korea were subjugated, thus after the occupation ended, many martial arts practitioners had been exposed to Japanese and Chinese styles of martial arts. Thus, many of the Kwans (or schools) took what may have been remembered from earlier times and combined them with new techniques learned during the occupation. This is why Taekwondo often times looks like it is the same as, or has elements of, Karate (from Japan) or other styles of Chinese martial arts. In the mid-late 50s, TaeKwonDo was officially adopted as the name of the Korean style of Martial Arts, and it became the primary martial arts of the South Korean Military.
What Is TaeKwonDo?
TaeKwonDo is noted for its extensive use of kicking techniques. There are many jumping, spinning, and high kicks associated with the practice of TaeKwonDo. Over 70% of Korea is mountainous, so historically speaking, strong legs was a characteristic of Korean people. Thus, from a self-defense perspective, why not use these long, powerful elements of our body as tools for self-defense to keep distance and knock away attackers? Though not all high or jumping kicks would necessarily be a first form of self-defense, many of the high pushing and striking kicks that might be seen in a demonstration of extreme TaeKwonDo skills, can be done to lower elements of the body to keep attackers at bay or disable someone from continuing to pursue a defensive person. The kicking techniques are complemented by many blocks, hand strikes, and elbow techniques to handle close quarter self-defense as well.
Much like Soccer is a type of sport. TaeKwonDo is a type of Martial Art. It has many similarities and differences from other martial arts.
From a physical activity perspective, it is an upright martial art, like Karate or Krav Maga, meaning that most of the techniques are initiated from a standing position. In our program, we do recognize that sometimes physical confrontations end up on the ground, so we choose to include how to fall safely (called break-falling) and how to take down and throw opponents as part of our situational self-defense training. Unlike, Jiu-jitsu, our goal is to come off the ground as quickly as possible to get away or create distance, so we do not do an extensive amount of grappling on the ground. As mentioned previously, kicking is an important element of self-defense to keep distance or strike from a distance. Though we still train some of the deeper stances, like a horseback or back stance, TaeKwonDo has become more known for its taller stances, which allows a defender to transition weight quickly and move from one position to another without televising movements through significant weight shifts. Finally, though it is not unique to TaeKwonDo, we do incorporate a significant number of blocking techniques, blocks that can turn into strikes or grabs as needed, and hand and elbow striking techniques to help students manage close quarters self-defense situations.
Because TaeKwonDo is rooted in a combination of the traditional Korean martial arts from pre-occupation times, as well as the exposure to Japanese and Chinese martial arts, which also have thousands of years of history behind them, TaeKwonDo is mentally engaging through the use of forms (called Poomsae) which employs a sequence of patterns for skills practice and as a form of moving meditation. Thus student benefit from improved memory skills, and a connection of mind and body through intentional movement. These forms allow students, when practices correctly and with intention, to become very skilled without the requirement of a partner.
From a character development perspective, TaeKwonDo has 5 tenets that students learn and are encourage to practice both in and outside the TaeKwonDo studio: Courtesy, Integrity, Perseverance, Self-Control, Indomitable Spirit. Many styles of martial arts have a code that they incorporate into the personal development of their students. The question that sets one program apart from others is: what do they focus on in the day to day of class instruction? At Legacy Taekwondo, we reference these tenets on a daily basis in our classes, regarding how students are behaving in class, and how they are using them outside our doors. For some programs, character development is something that is supposed to happen “naturally” by extension of practicing the martial art, but in our program, it is an intentional and regular focus from white belt through black belt.
The physical benefits of Taekwondo include self-defense skills. It turns under conditioned individuals into healthy individuals, and challenges healthy individuals to become athletes (even without commitment to competition). Internally, it helps students develops self-confidence and self-discipline. Mentally it helps with memory, focus, pattern recognition, and intentionality of practice and movements.
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